ribozym

Ribozym (RNA enzym) je katalyticky aktivní molekula RNA, která funguje jako enzym. Ribozymy nejčastěji katalyzují štěpení cukr-fosfátové páteře RNA a to buď vlastního vlákna nebo RNA vlákna jiné RNA.

Známým příkladem ribozymu je např. 23S-rRNA velké podjednotky ribozomů, která katalyzuje syntézu peptidové vazby. Mezi další známé ribozymy patří RNAasa P, vlásenkový ribozym (z angl. hairpin ribozyme), HDV ribozym, hammerhead ribozym, Glms riboswitch, Varkud-satelite (VS) ribozym.

ribozyme

A ribozyme is an RNA molecule with a well defined tertiary structure that enables it to perform a chemical reaction. Many ribozymes are catalytic, but some such as self-cleaving ribozymes are consumed by their reactions. Ribozyme means ribonucleic acid enzyme. It may also be called an RNA enzyme or catalytic RNA.

Many natural ribozymes cleave one of their own phosphodiester bonds, or bonds in other RNAs. Some have been found to catalyze the aminotransferase activity of the ribosome. Examples of ribozymes include the hammerhead ribozyme, the VS ribozyme and the hairpin ribozyme.